WHAT IS ACNE?

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Acne, commonly known as "breakouts," “spots”, "pimples," or "zits," is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages and ethnicities. It typically begins during puberty but can persist or even start in adulthood. Acne affects the face primarily but can also occur on the chest, shoulders and back.

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​​UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS FOR SKIN OF COLOUR

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Acne is characterised by the presence of various types of lesions, including comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. It can range in severity from mild to severe and can result in scarring. Acne lesions in individuals with skin of colour present similarly to those in individuals with lighter skin tones. However, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), also known as dark marks, are more prevalent and may persist for an extended period, even after the acne lesions have healed. These dark marks can significantly impact one's appearance and selfconfidence, underscoring the importance of targeted treatment approaches for skin of colour.

 

Individuals with skin of colour may experience unique challenges related to acne, particularly concerning post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). PIH refers to dark spots left behind by acne lesions and is more common and can be of major concern in individuals with darker skin tones. Certain cultural practices such as application of certain products on the hair and skin, can block pores and also contribute to acne, particularly forehead acne. This is sometimes called “pomade acne”.

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​CAUSES AND TRIGGERS

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​Acne arises from a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, excess oil production, inflammation, and bacterial activity. Additionally, certain medications, dietary factors, and environmental factors can aggravate acne.

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​EFFECTS ON SELF-ESTEEM

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​The psychological impact of acne cannot be understated, particularly for individuals with skin of colour. Studies have shown that acne can lead to depression, anxiety, and social withdrawal, impacting one's quality of life and self-esteem.

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​DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT

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Diagnosing acne involves a comprehensive evaluation of the skin, including the type and severity of lesions present. Common treatment modalities include topical medications (e.g., retinoids, benzoyl peroxide), oral antibiotics, hormonal therapy, and isotretinoin (for severe, resistant acne). The dark marks (PIH) can take many months to years to fade, but there are options to speed this up. Any scars left behind require procedural treatments such as laser.​

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​SELF-CARE TIPS

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In addition to medical treatment, self-care practices are essential for managing acne and promoting healthy skin. Here are some tips:

• Use non-comedogenic products to cleanse your skin gently.

• Avoid harsh scrubs, toners or multi-step cleansing routines like triple cleansing.

• Avoid picking or squeezing acne lesions to prevent PIH and scarring.

• Use sunscreen daily to protect the skin from UV damage and prevent worsening of PIH.

• Be cautious of treatments suggested on social media such as pimple patches, as they may not be suitable for your skin.

• Seeking emotional support from friends, family, or support groups to cope with acne-related stress and anxiety.

• Seek early treatment from a dermatologist to prevent PIH and scarring.

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​​CONCLUSION

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Acne is a common condition that can significantly affect quality of life, particularly for individuals with skin of colour due to the added challenge of PIH. Understanding the unique considerations for skin of colour, such as the heightened prevalence of PIH and the influence of cultural practices, is essential for effective management. Early intervention, targeted treatment, and consistent self-care practices, such as using sunscreen and avoiding skin irritation, can greatly improve outcomes.​

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